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TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTIONThe San Francisco Bay Region The Bay System's Surface and Ground Waters The Regional Board Water Quality Control Plan Watershed Management Planning The San Francisco Estuary Project CHAPTER 2: BENEFICIAL USESDefinitions of Beneficial Uses Agricultural Supply Areas of Special Biological Significance Cold Freshwater Habitat Ocean, Commercial, and Sport Fishing Estuarine Habitat Freshwater Replenishment Groundwater Recharge Industrial Service Supply Marine Habitat Municipal and Domestic Supply Navigation Industrial Process Supply Preservation of Rare and Endangered Species Water Contact Recreation Noncontact Water Recreation Shellfish Harvesting Fish Spawning Warm Freshwater Habitat Wildlife Habitat Present and Potential Beneficial Uses Surface Waters Groundwaters Wetlands CHAPTER 3: WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVESWater Quality Objectives Objectives for Ocean Waters Objectives for Surface Waters Bacteria Bioaccumulation Biostimulatory Substances Color Dissolved Oxygen Floating Material Oil and Grease Population and Community Ecology pH Salinity Sediment Settleable Material Suspended Material Sulfide Tastes and Odors Temperature Toxicity Turbidity Un-ionized Ammonia Objectives for Specific Chemical Constituents Constituents of Concern for Municipal and Agricultural Water Supplies Radioactivity Objectives for Groundwaters Bacteria Organic and Inorganic Chemical Constituents Radioactivity Taste and Odor Objectives for the Delta and Suisun Marsh Objectives for Alameda Creek Watershed CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION PLANThe Watershed Management Approach Toxic Pollutant Management in the Larger San Francisco Bay Estuary System Numerical Water Quality Objectives: Wasteload Allocations Toxic Pollutant Accumulation: Mass-Based Strategies Scientific Research: Ongoing Refinement of Programs Riverine Flows, System Flushing, and Pollutant Loading Delta Outflow San Luis Drain Toxic Pollutant Management in Segments of the San Francisco Bay Estuary Local Wasteload Allocation Effluent Toxicity Control Program: Local Toxicity Objectives Local Toxic Pollutant Accumulation Toxic Pollutant Management in Individual Watersheds The Napa Example The Corte Madera Creek Example Discharge Prohibitions Applicable Throughout the Region Surface Water Protection and Management—Point Source Control Types of Point Sources Waste Discharge Permitting Program Effluent Limitations Technology- and Water Quality-Based Limitations Site-Specific Objectives Best Professional Judgement Effluent Limitations Discharges to Ocean Waters Discharges to Inland Surface Waters, Enclosed Bays, and Estuaries Limitations for Conventional Pollutants Limitations for Selected Toxic Pollutants Alternate Limits Whole Effluent Toxicity Limits and Control Program Acute Toxicity Chronic Toxicity Toxicity Identification/Reduction Evaluation (TIE/TRE) Effluent Toxicity Characterization Program Calculation of Water Quality-Based Effluent Limitations Dilution Ratios Deep Water Discharges Shallow Water Discharges Fresh Water vs. Marine Water Background Concentrations Implementation of Effluent Limitations (a) Performance-Based Limits (b) Site-Specific Objective Incorporation (c) Averaging Periods (d) Method Detection Limits, Practical Quantitation Levels (PQL), and Limits of Quantification (LOQ) (e) Selection of Parameters (f) Compliance Schedules Stormwater Discharges Wet Weather Overflows Federal Combined Sewer Overflow Control Policy Conceptual Approach Surface Impoundment Overflow Protection Discharge of Treated Groundwater Municipal Facilities City And County of San Francisco South Bay Municipal Dischargers (San Jose/Santa Clara, Palo Alto, and Sunnyvale) Fairfield-Suisun Sewer District (FSSD) Livermore-Amador Valley East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) and Local Agencies Industrial Facilities Pretreatment and Pollution Prevention California Pretreatment Program Pollution Prevention General Pollution Prevention Programs Targeted Pollution Prevention Programs Direct Industrial Discharger Pollution Prevention Program Surface Water Protection and Management—Nonpoint Source Control Measures Urban Runoff Management Management of Pollutant Discharge From Storm Drains Baseline Control Program Comprehensive Control Program Highway Runoff Control Program Industrial Activity Control Program Tier I: General Permitting Tier II: Specific Watershed Permitting Tier III: Industry-Specific Permitting Tier IV: Facility-Specific Permitting Construction Activity Control Program Agricultural Wastewater Management Animal Confinement Operations Dairy Waste Management Dairy Waste Regulation Irrigation Operations Reclamation Regulatory Requirements Source Quality Control Governmental Coordination Municipal Wastewater Sludge Management On-Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems Policy on Discrete Sewerage Facilities Individual System Guidelines Alternative On-Site Wastewater Systems Graywater Disposal Systems Erosion and Sediment Control Dredging and Disposal of Dredged Sediment Background Regulatory Framework Environmental Impacts of Dredging and Disposal in the Aquatic Environment Dredging Study Programs Dredging Management Program Long-Term Management Strategy The LTMS Process Ocean Studies In-Bay Studies Upland and Non-tidal/Reuse Studies Wetland Restoration Using Dredged Material Sonoma Baylands Montezuma Wetlands Restoration Project Regional Board Policies on Dredging and Dredged Sediment Disposal Mines and Mineral Producers Inactive Sites Active Sites Goal Program Vessel Wastes Wetlands Protection and Management Regional Wetlands Management Plan Determination of Applicable Beneficial Uses for Wetlands Hydrology Wetland Fill Oil Spills Groundwater Protection and Management Groundwater Program Goals Application of Water Quality Objectives Regulation of Potential Pollution Sources Shallow Drainage Wells Hazardous and Nonhazardous Waste Disposal CCR Title 23, Chapter 15 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Toxic Pits Cleanup Act Solid Waste Assessment Tests Landfill Expansions Bayfront Landfill Expansions into Wetlands Cleanup of Polluted Sites Program Areas Underground Storage Tank Program Spills, Leaks, Investigation, and Clean-up Program (SLIC) Department of Defense and Department of Energy Program U.S. EPA Superfund Program Aboveground Petroleum Storage Act Requirements for Site Investigation and Remediation Progress of the Regional Board's Program Setting Clean-up Levels Groundwater Clean-up Levels Soil Clean-up Levels Non-attainment of Groundwater Clean-up Levels Future Regulatory Management Strategies Groundwater Protection Programs Groundwater Resource Study Integrated Environmental Management Project State Board Groundwater Protection Planning Contract Emerging Program Areas Wetland Planning Pilot Regulatory Program Sediment CHAPTER 5: PLANS AND POLICIESState Water Resources Control Board Statewide Plans and Policies Regional Board Plans and Policies Cooperative Agreements Regional Monitoring, Data Use, and the Aquatic Habitat Program Discharger Reporting and Responsibilities Delta Planning Dredging Nonpoint Source Pollution On-Site Waste Disposal and Waste Discharge Shellfish Vessel Wastes Water Reclamation Wetlands Groundwater CHAPTER 6: SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORINGRegional Monitoring Program State Mussel Watch and Toxic Substances Monitoring Programs Sacramento-San Joaquin Rivers and Northern San Francisco Bay Estuary Water Quality Surveillance Groundwater Monitoring Networks Compliance Monitoring Complaint Investigation Biennial Water Quality Inventory Other Monitoring Programs LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1-1: San Francisco Bay Basin Figure 2-1: Areas of Special Biological Significance Figure 2-2: Hydrologic Planning Areas Figure 2-3: Marin Coastal Basin Figure 2-4: San Mateo Coastal Basin Figure 2-5: Central Basin Figure 2-6: South Bay Basin Figure 2-7: Santa Clara Basin Figure 2-8: San Pablo Basin Figure 2-9: Suisun Basin Figure 2-10: Significant Groundwater Basins Figure 2-11: General Locations of Wetland Areas Figure 4-1: Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) Figure 4-2: Industrial Dischargers Figure 4-3: Urban Areas in San Francisco Bay Basin Figure 4-4: Dredged Material Disposal Sites Figure 4-5: Inactive Mine Sites Figure 4-6: Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites in the Region Figure 6-1: Regional Monitoring Program Sampling Stations Figure 6-2: State Mussel Watch Program Monitoring Network Figure 6-3: Toxic Substances Monitoring Network LIST OF TABLESTable 2-1: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in Marin Coastal Basin2-11 Table 2-2: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in San Mateo Coastal Basin2-13 Table 2-3: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in Central Basin2-15 Table 2-4: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in South Bay Basin2-17 Table 2-5: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in Santa Clara Basin2-19 Table 2-6: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in San Pablo Basin2-21 Table 2-7: Beneficial Uses of Waterbodies in Suisun Basin2-25 Table 2-8: Groundwater Basin Characteristics2-27 Table 2-9: Existing and Potential Beneficial Uses of Groundwater in Identified Basins2-28 Table 2-10: Beneficial Uses of Wetland Areas2-29 Table 3-1: Water Quality Objectives for Coliform Bacteria3-8 Table 3-2: U.S. EPA Bacteriological Criteria for Water Contact Recreation3-8 Table 3-3: Water Quality Objectives for Toxic Pollutants for Surface Waters with Salinities Greater than 5 PPT3-9 Table 3-4: Water Quality Objectives for Toxic Pollutants for Surface Waters with Salinities Less than 5 PPT3-10 Table 3-5: Water Quality Objectives for Municipal Supply3-11 Table 3-6: Water Quality Objectives for Agricultural Supply3-12 Table 3-7: Water Quality Objectives for the Alameda Creek Watershed above Niles3-13 Table 4-1: Discharge Prohibitions4-67 Table 4-2: Effluent Limitations for Conventional Pollutants4-69 Table 4-3: Effluent Limitations for Selected Toxic Pollutants Discharged to Surface Waters4-70 Table 4-4: Acute Toxicity Effluent Limits4-70 Table 4-5: Critical Life Stage Toxicity Test Species and Protocols4-71 Table 4-6: Conditions that Require Monthly Monitoring of Toxicity Levels4-72 Table 4-7: Background Concentrations Used in Calculating Deep Water Effluent Limitations4-72 Table 4-8: Controlling Wet-weather Overflows 4-73 Table 4-9: Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs)4-74 Table 4-10: Major Industrial Dischargers4-76 Table 4-11: Status of Urban Runoff Control Programs4-79 Table 4-12: Potential Consequences and Impacts of Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal4-80 Table 4-13: Goals of LTMS4-80 Table 4-14: LTMS Participants4-81 Table 4-15: Dredged Material Volume Targets4-82 Table 4-16: Key to Figure 4-5: Inactive Mine Sites4-85 Table 4-17: Existing and Potential Beneficial Uses of Wetlands4-87 Table 4-18: Summary of Local Agency Underground Storage Tank (UST) Program4-88 Table 4-19: Options for Future Management Strategies at Groundwater Cleanup Sites4-89 Table 6-1: Parameters Analyzed for in the Regional Monitoring Program6-5 Table 6-2: Key to Figure 6-2: State Monitoring Network6-7 Table 6-3: Key to Figure 6-3: State Monitoring Network6-9 |
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